PREPAWAYEXAM OFFERS THREE FORMATS OF UPDATED ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL EXAM QUESTIONS

PrepAwayExam Offers Three Formats of Updated ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Exam Questions

PrepAwayExam Offers Three Formats of Updated ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Exam Questions

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ISTQB-Foundation Level Exam Sample Questions (Q114-Q119):

NEW QUESTION # 114
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

  • A. Test cases are derived during the test design activity to cover test objectives or test conditions
  • B. Test cases are sequences of actions for test execution specified during the test implementation activity
  • C. Test cases are made up of input values, expected results and actual results developed to cover test objectives
  • D. Test cases describe items or events to test that are derived from the test basis during the test analysis activity

Answer: B

Explanation:
A test case is a set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution postconditions, developed for a particular objective or test condition. A test case is a sequence of actions for test execution that can be followed by a tester or a test automation tool. A test case is specified during the test implementation activity, which is the activity that prepares the testware needed for test execution. A test case does not include actual results, as these are obtained during test execution and compared with the expected results. A test case does not describe items or events to test, as these are derived from the test basis during the test analysis activity. A test case is not derived during the test design activity, as this is the activity that specifies the test conditions or objectives that need to be tested. Verified References: [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer], Chapter 3, page 23-24; Chapter 4, page 34.


NEW QUESTION # 115
Which of the following statements is true?

  • A. Experience-based test techniques rely on the experience of testers to identify the root causes of defects found by black-box test techniques
  • B. The primary goal of experience-based test techniques is to design test cases that can be easily automated using a GUI-based test automation tool
  • C. Some of the most common test basis used by white-box test techniques include user stories, use cases and business processes
  • D. Experience-based test techniques are often useful to detect hidden defects that have not been targeted by black-box test techniques

Answer: D

Explanation:
Experience-based test techniques are test design techniques that rely on the experience, knowledge, intuition, and creativity of the testers to identify and execute test cases that are likely to find defects in the software system. Experience-based test techniques are often useful to detect hidden defects that have not been targeted by black-box test techniques, which are test design techniques that use the external behavior and specifications of the software system as the test basis, without considering its internal structure or implementation.
Experience-based test techniques can complement black-box test techniques by covering aspects that are not explicitly specified, such as usability, security, reliability, performance, etc. The other statements are false, because:
* Experience-based test techniques do not rely on the experience of testers to identify the root causes of defects found by black-box test techniques, but rather to identify the potential sources of defects based on their own insights, heuristics, or exploratory testing. The root causes of defects are usually identified by debugging or root cause analysis, which are activities that involve examining the code or the development process to find and fix the errors that led to the defects.
* Some of the most common test basis used by white-box test techniques include the source code, the design documents, the architecture diagrams, and the control flow graphs of the software system.
White-box test techniques are test design techniques that use the internal structure and implementation of the software system as the test basis, and aim to achieve a certain level of test coverage based on the code elements, such as statements, branches, paths, etc. User stories, use cases, and business processes are examples of test basis used by black-box test techniques, as they describe the functional and non-functional requirements of the software system from the perspective of the users or the stakeholders.
* The primary goal of experience-based test techniques is not to design test cases that can be easily automated using a GUI-based test automation tool, but rather to design test cases that can reveal defects that are not easily detected by other test techniques, such as boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, state transition testing, etc. Test automation is the use of software tools to execute test cases and compare actual results with expected results, without human intervention. Test automation can be applied to different types of test techniques, depending on the test objectives, the test levels, the test tools, and the test resources. However, test automation is not always feasible or beneficial, especially for test cases that require human judgment, creativity, or exploration, such as those designed by experience-based test techniques. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.1, Black-box Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.2, White-box Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.3, Experience-based Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Experience-based Test Technique, Black-box Test Technique, White-box Test Technique, Test Basis, Test Coverage, Test Automation


NEW QUESTION # 116
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement about how a tester should communicate about defects, test results, and other test information?

  • A. Testers should take a command-and-control approach with the project team
  • B. Testers should emphasize the benefits of testing, such as increased quality and reduced risk
  • C. Testers should include personal opinions and judgements in defect reports and review findings
  • D. Testers should reject all questions about their test findings and information

Answer: B

Explanation:
Communication from testers about defects, test results, and other test information should emphasize the benefits of testing such as increased quality and reduced risk. This positive framing helps in reinforcing the value of testing and ensuring stakeholders understand the contribution of testing to the overall project success (ISTQB not-for-profit association).References:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0:
https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf


NEW QUESTION # 117
An Incident Management tool implements the following defect states; Open, Assigned, Solved, Closed Consider the following defect report:
Id T000561
Test Object "Warehouse Management' application
Tester name; John Bishop
Date: 10th. April 2010
Test Case MRT558I
Status OPEN
Severity Serious
Priority
Problem- After inputting the Total Quantity item = 450 in the SV034 screen, the system shows an unexpected Error message=47 Correction:
Developer name:
Closing date:
Which of the following is a valid criticism of this report?

  • A. There is no link to the applicable requirement (traceability)
  • B. The Priority, the Correction description and the Developer name are missing
  • C. The version of the application is missing
  • D. The description is not highlighting the source of the problem

Answer: C

Explanation:
A valid criticism of this report is that the version of the application is missing. The version of the application is an important piece of information that should be included in a defect report, as it helps to identify which release or build of the software product contains the defect. The version of the application can also help to reproduce and debug the defect, as different versions may have different behaviors or features. The other options are not valid criticisms of this report. The priority, the correction description and the developer name are not missing, but rather not applicable for this report. The priority is a measure of how urgently a defect needs to be fixed, which can be assigned by the project manager or the defect tracking system, not by the tester who reports the defect. The correction description and the developer name are information that are added after the defect has been resolved, not when it has been reported. There is no link to the applicable requirement (traceability) is not a valid criticism of this report, because traceability is not a mandatory attribute of a defect report, but rather an optional one.Traceability is a relationship between two or more entities (such as requirements, test cases, defects, etc.) that shows how they are related or dependent on each other. Traceability can help to verify that the requirements are met by the test cases and defects, but it is not essential for reporting a defect. The description is not highlighting the source of the problem is not a valid criticism of this report, because highlighting the source of the problem is not a responsibility of the tester who reports the defect, but rather of the developer who fixes the defect. The description should provide enough information to describe what happened when the defect occurred, such as input values, expected results, actual results, error messages, screenshots, etc., but it does not need to explain why or how it happened. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 140.


NEW QUESTION # 118
Which ONE of the following statements does NOT describe how testing contributes to higher quality?

  • A. Properly designed tests that pass reduce the level of risk in a system.
  • B. Software testing identifies defects, which can be used to improve development activities.
  • C. The testing of software demonstrates the absence of defects.
  • D. Performing a review of the requirement specifications before implementing the system can enhance quality.

Answer: C

Explanation:
* The testing of software does not demonstrate the absence of defects, but rather the presence of defects or the conformance of the software to the specified requirements1. Testingcan never prove that the software is defect-free, as it is impossible to test all possible scenarios, inputs, outputs, and behaviors of the software2. Testing can only provide a level of confidence in the quality of the software, based on the coverage, effectiveness, and efficiency of the testing activities3.
* The other options are correct because:
* A. Properly designed tests that pass reduce the level of risk in a system, as they verify that the system meets the expected quality attributes and satisfies the needs and expectations of the users and clients4. Risk is the potential for loss or harm due to the occurrence of an undesirable event5. Testing can help to identify, analyze, prioritize, and mitigate the risks associated with the software product and project6.
* C. Software testing identifies defects, whichcan be used to improve development activities, as they provide feedback on the quality of the software and the effectiveness of the development processes7. Defects are flaws or errors in the software that cause it to deviate from the expected or required results or behavior. Testing can help to detect, report, track, and resolve the defects, and prevent them from recurring in the future.
* D. Performing a review of the requirement specifications before implementing the system can enhance quality, as it can ensure that the requirements are clear, complete, consistent, testable, and aligned with the needs and expectations of the users and clients. Requirements are the specifications of what the software should do and how it should do it. Testing can help to validate that the requirements are met by the software, and verify that the software is implemented according to the requirements.
References =
* 1 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 10
* 2 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 11
* 3 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 12
* 4 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 13
* 5 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 97
* 6 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 98
* 7 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 14
* [8] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 15
* [9] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
* [10] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 17
* [11] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 18
* [12] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 19


NEW QUESTION # 119
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